New fossils of sambar (Rusa unicolor) from Bailong Cave, a Middle Pleistocene human site in Hubei, China

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2020.03.048

IVPP-IR > 中科院古脊椎所（2000年以后）

	New fossils of sambar (Rusa unicolor) from Bailong Cave, a Middle Pleistocene human site in Hubei, China
	Zhang, Bei 1,2,3; Tong, Haowen1,2,3
	2020-06-10
发表期刊	QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
ISSN	1040-6182
卷号	550 期号:0 页码:120-129
摘要	The sambar (Rusa unicolor) is among the main elements of the Oriental Realm. The sambar fossils unearthed from Bailong Cave site dated back to the Middle Pleistocene were better preserved than those from any other fossil site. We described these remains especially focusing on the deciduous teeth and petrosal bone as well as the bony labyrinth which have never been studied before. The measurements of antler and cheek teeth fall within the range of intraspecific variations of extant specimens. The sambar's antler and cheek teeth differ from other allied cervids in having more rugose three-tined antlers, thicker enamel of cheek teeth, and in possessing tapered entostyles on upper molars and stout anterior ectostylid on dp4. The petrosal bone is similar to that of the extant sambar in 3D reconstructions, but different from those of Cervus nippon and Axis axis. The differences are mainly related to the size and overall shape of petrosal bone as well as the dorsolateral outline of tegmen tympani. There are variations in the shape of internal acoustic meatus and subarcuate fossa as well as the position of hiatus Fallopii between extant and fossil sambar specimen. The bony labyrinth of sambar resembles that of Javan deer (Rusa timorensis), while the shape of endolymphatic sac of sambar is paddle-like instead of funnel-like as in R. timorensis. R. unicolor maybe originated from southern China during Mid-Pleistocene Transition, and we provisionally regard Rusa yunnanensis rather than Rusa elegans as the direct ancestor of sambar based on the morphological characters of antler and tooth.
关键词	Antler Bony labyrinth Dentition East Asia Petrosal bone Rusa yunnanensis
DOI	10.1016/j.quaint.2020.03.048
关键词[WOS]	BONY LABYRINTH ; MAMMAL FAUNAS ; HOMININ SITE ; INNER-EAR ; ARTIODACTYLA ; RUMINANTIA ; CHONGZUO ; GUANGXI ; BASIN ; DEER
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
资助项目	Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences[XDB26000000] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41572003]
WOS研究方向	Physical Geography ; Geology
WOS类目	Geography, Physical ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS记录号	WOS:000555091700010
出版者	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/17011
专题	中科院古脊椎所（2000年以后）
通讯作者	Zhang, Bei
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China 2.CAS Ctr Excellence Life & Paleoenvironm, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China 3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zhang, Bei,Tong, Haowen. New fossils of sambar (Rusa unicolor) from Bailong Cave, a Middle Pleistocene human site in Hubei, China[J]. QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL,2020,550(0):120-129.
APA	Zhang, Bei,&Tong, Haowen.(2020).New fossils of sambar (Rusa unicolor) from Bailong Cave, a Middle Pleistocene human site in Hubei, China.QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL,550(0),120-129.
MLA	Zhang, Bei,et al."New fossils of sambar (Rusa unicolor) from Bailong Cave, a Middle Pleistocene human site in Hubei, China".QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL 550.0(2020):120-129.

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