Comparative cranial biomechanics reveal that Late Cretaceous tyrannosaurids exerted relatively greater bite force than in early-diverging tyrannosauroids

doi:10.1002/ar.25326

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	Comparative cranial biomechanics reveal that Late Cretaceous tyrannosaurids exerted relatively greater bite force than in early-diverging tyrannosauroids
	Johnson-Ransom, Evan 1,10; Li, Feng 2; Xu, Xing3,4 ; Ramos, Raul 5; Midzuk, Adam J.6; Thon, Ulrike 7; Atkins-Weltman, Kyle 8; Snively, Eric 9
	2023-09-29
发表期刊	ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
ISSN	1932-8486
期号	0 页码:21
摘要	Tyrannosaurus has been an exemplar organism in feeding biomechanical analyses. An adult Tyrannosaurus could exert a bone-splintering bite force, through expanded jaw muscles and a robust skull and teeth. While feeding function of adult Tyrannosaurus has been thoroughly studied, such analyses have yet to expand to other tyrannosauroids, especially early-diverging tyrannosauroids (Dilong, Proceratosaurus, and Yutyrannus). In our analysis, we broadly assessed the cranial and feeding performance of tyrannosauroids at varying body sizes. Our sample size included small (Proceratosaurus and Dilong), medium-sized (Teratophoneus), and large (Tarbosaurus, Daspletosaurus, Gorgosaurus, and Yutyrannus) tyrannosauroids, and incorporation of tyrannosaurines at different ontogenetic stages (small juvenile Tarbosaurus, Raptorex, and mid-sized juvenile Tyrannosaurus). We used jaw muscle force calculations and finite element analysis to comprehend the cranial performance of our tyrannosauroids. Scaled subtemporal fenestrae areas and calculated jaw muscle forces show that broad-skulled tyrannosaurines (Tyrannosaurus, Daspletosaurus, juvenile Tyrannosaurus, and Raptorex) exhibited higher jaw muscle forces than other similarly sized tyrannosauroids (Gorgosaurus, Yutyrannus, and Proceratosaurus). The large proceratosaurid Yutyrannus exhibited lower cranial stress than most adult tyrannosaurids. This suggests that cranial structural adaptations of large tyrannosaurids maintained adequate safety factors at greater bite force, but their robust crania did not notably decrease bone stress. Similarly, juvenile tyrannosaurines experienced greater cranial stress than similarly-sized earlier tyrannosauroids, consistent with greater adductor muscle forces in the juveniles, and with crania no more robust than in their small adult predecessors. As adult tyrannosauroid body size increased, so too did relative jaw muscle forces manifested even in juveniles of giant adults.
关键词	biomechanics DinosauriafeedingPaleontologyTheropoda
DOI	10.1002/ar.25326
关键词[WOS]	FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS ; PHYLOGENETIC POSITION ; DINOSAURIA THEROPODA ; TARBOSAURUS-BATAAR ; EVOLUTION ; PERFORMANCE ; MECHANICS ; OSTEOLOGY ; ARCTOMETATARSUS ; MORPHOLOGY
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
资助项目	David Silva of Beasts of the Mesozoic provided the 3D skull models of Proceratosaurus NHM R 4860 and Dilong IVPP 14243. We acknowledge the CT-scan data provided by Brian Cooley, Prathiba Bali, and Steven Rowe for sculpti[NHM R 4860] ; David Silva of Beasts of the Mesozoic provided the 3D skull models of Proceratosaurus NHM R 4860 and Dilong IVPP 14243. We acknowledge the CT-scan data provided by Brian Cooley, Prathiba Bali, and Steven Rowe for sculpti[IVPP 14243] ; David Silva of Beasts of the Mesozoic provided the 3D skull models of Proceratosaurus NHM R 4860 and Dilong IVPP 14243. We acknowledge the CT-scan data provided by Brian Cooley, Prathiba Bali, and Steven Rowe for sculpti[FMNH PR 2081] ; David Silva of Beasts of the Mesozoic provided the 3D skull models of Proceratosaurus NHM R 4860 and Dilong IVPP 14243. We acknowledge the CT-scan data provided by Brian Cooley, Prathiba Bali, and Steven Rowe for sculpti[BMRP 2002.4.1] ; David Silva of Beasts of the Mesozoic provided the 3D skull models of Proceratosaurus NHM R 4860 and Dilong IVPP 14243. We acknowledge the CT-scan data provided by Brian Cooley, Prathiba Bali, and Steven Rowe for sculpti[kriegsteini LH PV18] ; David Silva of Beasts of the Mesozoic provided the 3D skull models of Proceratosaurus NHM R 4860 and Dilong IVPP 14243. We acknowledge the CT-scan data provided by Brian Cooley, Prathiba Bali, and Steven Rowe for sculpti[USNM 555000]
WOS研究方向	Anatomy & Morphology
WOS类目	Anatomy & Morphology
WOS记录号	WOS:001074840400001
出版者	WILEY
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/22631
专题	中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所
通讯作者	Johnson-Ransom, Evan
作者单位	1.Univ Chicago, Dept Organismal Biol & Anat, Chicago, IL USA 2.Tianjin Nat Hist Museum, Tianjin, Peoples R China 3.Yunnan Univ, Ctr Vertebrate Evolutionary Biol, Kunming, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Beijing, Peoples R China 5.Rocky Mt Coll Art & Design, Illustrat Dept, Lakewood, CO USA 6.Univ Witwatersrand, Evolutionary Studies Inst, Sch Geosci, Johannesburg, South Africa 7.Mannheim Univ Appl Sci, Informat Dept, Mannheim, Germany 8.Oklahoma State Univ, Coll Osteopath Med, Tulsa, OK USA 9.Oklahoma State Univ, Coll Osteopath Med Cherokee Nation, Tahlequah, OK USA 10.Univ Chicago, Dept Organismal Biol & Anat, 1027 E 57th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Johnson-Ransom, Evan,Li, Feng,Xu, Xing,et al. Comparative cranial biomechanics reveal that Late Cretaceous tyrannosaurids exerted relatively greater bite force than in early-diverging tyrannosauroids[J]. ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY,2023(0):21.
APA	Johnson-Ransom, Evan.,Li, Feng.,Xu, Xing.,Ramos, Raul.,Midzuk, Adam J..,...&Snively, Eric.(2023).Comparative cranial biomechanics reveal that Late Cretaceous tyrannosaurids exerted relatively greater bite force than in early-diverging tyrannosauroids.ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY(0),21.
MLA	Johnson-Ransom, Evan,et al."Comparative cranial biomechanics reveal that Late Cretaceous tyrannosaurids exerted relatively greater bite force than in early-diverging tyrannosauroids".ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY .0(2023):21.

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